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Which of the following symptoms is considered a negative symptom in myopathy?
Which of the following is a common clinical feature of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy?
In the context of anti-synthetase syndrome, which of the following antibodies is least associated with interstitial lung disease?
A 45-year-old female presents with a three-month history of progressive proximal muscle weakness. On examination, she has difficulty rising from a chair and climbing stairs. Laboratory investigations reveal a raised CK level of 4000 U/L. Other blood tests and serologies are still pending.
Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for her presentation?
Which of the following muscle disorder is correctly matched with its associated gene testing:
Which type of myopathy is predominantly associated with anti-NT5C1A antibodies?
Which of the following drugs/substances is NOT known to cause rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria?
Which of the following best describes the main pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis?
Which of the following is the most common presenting symptom of myasthenia gravis (MG)?
A 45-year-old female presents to the neurology clinic with a three-month history of progressive muscle weakness, particularly in her facial and proximal limb muscles. She reports difficulty with activities such as combing her hair, climbing stairs, and lifting objects.
On physical examination, she demonstrates fatigable weakness upon repetitive movements, such as eyebrow elevation and sustained grip.
Which of the following tests is the most sensitive in confirming a neuromuscular transmission problem in this patient?
45-year-old female patient with a confirmed diagnosis of anti-MuSK (muscle-specific kinase) myasthenia gravis (MG) has been experiencing generalized muscle weakness, particularly affecting her bulbar muscles.
Her symptoms initially improved after several weeks of intravenous immunoglobulin but relapsed after a 6-month remission period, despite being on optimal doses of prednisone (80mg/day) and azathioprine (200mg/day).
Which of the following treatment options would be the most appropriate next step for managing this patients refractory anti-MuSK myasthenia gravis?
Neurological autoimmunity is increasingly recognized as a complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) cancer immunotherapy.
Which of the following is NOT a commonly reported neurological autoimmune complication associated with ICI therapy?
Which of the following is an indication for thymectomy in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG)?
A 35-year-old male presents to the emergency department with progressive muscle weakness in his lower limbs over the past week. He reports no recent infections or illnesses. Upon examination, the patient has diminished deep tendon reflexes and significant muscle weakness in both upper and lower extremities. Sensory examination reveals normal sensation to light touch, pinprick, and vibration.
Nerve conduction studies show reduced compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) without significant sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) abnormalities.
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis reveals elevated protein with normal cell count (albuminocytologic dissociation).
Based on the clinical presentation and diagnostic findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?
A 45-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 5-day history of progressive double vision, difficulty swallowing, and unsteady gait. She also reports feeling excessively sleepy during the day. On examination, she has ophthalmoplegia, facial weakness, ataxia, and diminished deep tendon reflexes. Her mental status is impaired, with episodes of confusion and drowsiness.
MRI of the brain shows hyperintense lesions in the brainstem on T2-weighted images. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis reveals elevated protein levels with normal cell counts (albuminocytologic dissociation).
Anti-GQ1b antibodies are positive.
Based on the clinical presentation and diagnostic findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?
A 58-year-old male presents with progressive weakness in his arms and legs, along with muscle twitching and difficulty speaking. On examination, you note both upper and lower motor neuron signs in multiple body regions. His sensory function is intact, and electromyography (EMG) shows signs of denervation and reinnervation.
Given these findings, which of the following criteria supports a possible diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
In the context of motor neuron disease, the ‘split hand syndrome’ refers to:
Which of the following spectrum of motor neuron diseases (MND) is typically associated with the worst prognosis in terms of survival and disease progression?